Количество страниц: 15 с.
The article reveals the activities of the Zolotinka geocryological station in South Yakutia, one of the BAM expeditions of the Institute of Permafrost, USSR Academy of Sciences. Relevance. The article is dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the birth of Maria Gavrilova, a climatologist, permafrost scientist, famous in Russian and world science, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences [1]. The BAM expeditions of the Institute of Permafrost were united by a common research topic “Prediction of the evolution of the cryolithozone in the development of the territory adjacent to the BAM railway” to predict the state of geocryological conditions and make practical recommendations for the construction of engineering structures in settlements, stations and roads in the Maly BAM zone [2]. In di erent natural conditions, landscapes of the foothills of the Stanovoi Ridge of South Yakutia (valleys, watersheds, as well as on the slopes of di erent exposures), special permafrost conditions are formed associated with the patterns of heat exchange of the upper layers of the earth’s crust - the earth’s surface - the atmosphere [2]. To identify permafrost, microclimatic and thermal balance conditions in the midlands of South Yakutia, on the territory of the village of Iengra of the Neryungrinsky City Council, on September 1, 1975, the Zolotinka geocryological station was organized under the leadership of Dr. Gavrilova. The year-round station conducted three full cycles of microclimatic and thermal balance studies from 1975-1978. A retrospective approach to the topic of the BAM expedition organized by the Institute of Permafrost made it possible in this article to familiarize and summarize in detail the scienti c and organizational activities of Maria Gavrilova on the work of the Zolotinka geocryological station in 1975-1978.
Пахомова, Л. С. Микроклиматические и теплобалансовые исследования в природных условиях среднегорий Южной Якутии / Л. С. Пахомова ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2024. - N 1 (33). - C. 88-102. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-1-88-102
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-1-88-102
Количество страниц: 14 с.
The article presents the results of the study by various geologists of the geological structure and prospects of ore-bearing trog complexes performing structures such as throgs, which were identi ed at di erent stages of geological research in the western part of theAldan-Stanovy shield. The main types of traction complexes and their sections were determined. The nature of the occurrence of sedimentary (terrigenous), volcanogenic- sedimentary and metavolcanic rocks performing throgs and forming throg complexes was established. The nature of the ratio of these rocks in the context of the trog complex in the studied trogs was described. The results of the study of trog complexes showed that they are generally characterized by facies variability, heterogeneity of metamorphism and dynamothermal processing of rocks (especially in the sides of trogs) with the formation of mylonites and cataclasites. It was established that the throgs are con ned to three regional systems of discontinuous disturbances. Both consonantal and secant discontinuities were marked inside the throgs, de ning their block tectonics. The results of determining the geological age of the rocks of the trogovoi complex were presented. The trog structures are characterized by ore mineralization associated with the processes of sedimentation (ferruginous quartzites, copper sandstones) and volcanogenic ore formation (copper-crusted and polymetallic mineralization), as well as with the processes of metamorphogenic-hydrothermal redistribution of ore matter (stratiform scheelite mineralization, ore-bearing quartz veins). It was also found that the metallogeny of the trog structures has not been studied su ciently. Nevertheless, the majority of geologists who studied the trogovye complexes noted in their reports that Precambrian trogovye complexes can be considered as important and metallogenically promising geological objects in the western part of the Aldan-Stanovy Shield and deserve more in-depth study.
Пуляев, Н. А. Геологическое строение и металлогения докембрийских троговых структур Западной части Алдано-Станового щита / Н. А. Пуляев ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Геологоразведочный факультет // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: "Наука о земле" - 2024. - N 1 (33). - C. 39-52. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-1-39-52
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-1-39-52
Количество страниц: 6 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Строительство подземных сооружений. Земляные работы,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Общая геология . Метеорология. Климатология. Историческая геология. Стратиграфия. Палеогеография,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Строительство подземных сооружений. Земляные работы,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки.
The large amount of peaty soils on the territory of the Russian Federation, especially in the Arctic zone, necessitates the study of their temperature regime and thermophysical properties. The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the thermal conductivity and amount of unfrozen water in sandy soils with varying degrees of peat content. Experiments were carried out on samples with a damaged structure, which were represented by slightly decomposed peat, medium-grained river sand and their various mixtures. It has been established that the degree of peat content affects such physical values as porosity, thermal conductivity and the amount of unfrozen water. For thawed peaty sandy soils, as the degree of peat content increases, the porosity value increases. For both thawed and frozen peaty sand soils, thermal conductivity decreases with increasing degree of peat content. Moreover, the thermal conductivity for frozen soils are higher than for thawed soils. The amount of unfrozen water also depends on the degree of peat in the soil and decreases as it increases. The measured thermophysical properties of peaty sand soil can be used to model the temperature regime in the area of frozen and thawed peat soils.
Теплофизические свойства торфов и заторфованных песчаных грунтов / Протодьяконова Н. А., Степанов А. В., Тимофеев А. М. [и др.] ; Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В. П. Ларионова // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2024. - N 1. - С. 52-57. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38207
DOI: 10.17513/use.38207
Количество страниц: 7 с.
This article considers the capabilities of the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) method in solving engineering geocryological problems at sites of placer mining operations in the permafrost zone. The methodology of conducting GPR measurements in the conditions of an active deposit is presented, taking into account those areas where continuous profiling is difficult. Its peculiarity lies in conducting measurements by angular GPR scanning (AGS) at individual points to assess the geocryological conditions of the rock mass. The features of the GPR wave fields of the geocryological section are considered. Interpretative characteristics are proposed that allow distinguishing signals reflected from the boundaries of frozen-thawed rocks. It has been established that reflection signals from thawed rocks are detected by an increase in their amplitude values and a shift of the central frequency of the spectrum to the low-frequency area compared to the characteristics of signals obtained when probing frozen rock areas. The results of geocryological studies in the Northern part of the Yakutsk diamondiferous province using GPR and drilling methods are presented. In accordance with the proposed interpretation features, wave fields were analyzed, and information from more than ten wells was used to confirm the interpretation: thawed rocks were detected in five wells. Based on the GPR data, a map of thawed rock distribution at depths of 1.5-5.9 m across the study area was constructed using seven profiles. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (topic No. 0297-2021-0020, of the unified state information system for recording research, development and technological work for civil purposes No. 122011800086-1) and the program of activities of the scientific and educational center “NORTH: Territory of Sustainable Development” for technological project No. 4: “Technologies for efficient and comprehensive extraction of useful components from mineral raw materials” using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of the Federal research center ҺYakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciencesһ, grant No. 13. Center for collective use 21.0016.
Федорова, Л. Л. Определение участков талых пород в многолетнемерзлом массиве по данным георадиолокации / Федорова Л. Л., Куляндин Г. А., Прудецкий Н. Д. ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 192-198. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38163
DOI: 10.17513/use.38163
Количество страниц: 6 с.
- Математика. Естественные науки > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Общая геология . Метеорология. Климатология. Историческая геология. Стратиграфия. Палеогеография,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки.
One of the ways to obtain information about the cryogenic state of rocks by GPR is based on the analysis of the in-phase axes of signals reflected from local objects. On the images of GPR radargrams, similar in-phase axes are represented by hyperbolic curves. On the basis of their localization and refinement of the form, the speed of passage of an electromagnetic wave in the medium is determined. To refine the shape of the hyperbolic curve in the developed algorithm, methods based on the Hough transform were used. To optimize the performance of the algorithm, restrictions on the dimensions of the original and accumulator spaces are introduced. The boundaries of the original space were determined on the basis of previous studies on the detection of hyperbolic axes of common-mode signals. The dimension of the Hough space was reduced on the basis of a priori knowledge of the possible allowable speed of electromagnetic waves in the medium. As a result of the work of the created software, the speed of propagation of an electromagnetic wave in space above the local object and the real part of the complex relative permittivity are calculated, which makes it possible to determine the electrophysical properties of the medium. Testing of the developed algorithm was carried out on the results of field georadar measurements and synthetic data. The accuracy of the results of the algorithm was 98.6 %, which indicates the adequacy of its applicability for studying ice in permafrost layers.
Петрова, Е. А. Определение положения подземного льда в массиве мерзлых горных пород по данным георадиолокации на основе преобразования Хафа / Петрова Е. А., Соколов К. О., Прудецкий Н. Д. ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Институт горного дела Севера имени Н. В. Черского // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 8. - С. 86-91. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38092
DOI: 10.17513/use.38092
Количество страниц: 8 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Право. Юридические науки > Государственное право. Конституционное право. Административное право,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Общая геология . Метеорология. Климатология. Историческая геология. Стратиграфия. Палеогеография,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Право. Юридические науки,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки.
Яковлева, Т. А. Правовое регулирование охраны морской среды приосвоении недр в арктической зоне России (окончание) / Т. А. Яковлева ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Юридический факультет // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия: История. Политология. Право. - 2023. - N 3 (31). - C. 43-50. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5612-2023-3-43-50
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5612-2023-3-43-50
Количество страниц: 3 с.
- Математика. Естественные науки > Зоология,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Общая геология . Метеорология. Климатология. Историческая геология. Стратиграфия. Палеогеография,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Зоология.
Колесов, С. Д. Уникальный череп ископаемого бизона (bison priscus) / С. Д. Колесов ; Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия) // XXV Лаврентьевские чтения, посвященные 30-летию Академии наук РС (Я) : материалы научной конференции студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых, Якутск, 10-13 апреля 2023 г. / [редакционная коллегия: И. Е. Егоров, Н. П. Лазарев]. - Якутск : Издательский дом СВФУ, 2023. - 1 файл (275 с. ; 24,0 Мб). - С. 98-100.
Количество страниц: 3 с.
Чжан, Р. В. Выдающийся учёный в области механики мёрзлых грунтов / Р. В. Чжан, О. И. Алексеева ; Институт мерзлотоведения им. П. И. Мельникова // Наука и техника в Якутии. - 2023. - N 1 (44). - С.114-116. - DOI: 10.24412/1728-516X-2023-1-114-116
DOI: 10.24412/1728-516X-2023-1-114-116
Количество страниц: 4 с.
Климовский, И. В. Возраст не помеха научному творчеству (к 60-летию В. Р. Алексеева) / И. В. Климовский, О. И. Алексеева ; Институт мерзлотоведения им. П. И. Мельникова // Наука и техника в Якутии. - 2023.- N 1 (44). - С. 71-74. - DOI: 10.24412/1728-516X-2023-1-71-74
DOI: 10.24412/1728-516X-2023-1-71-74
Количество страниц: 5 с.
Железняк, М. Н. Международная конференция по вопросам изменения климата и таяния вечной мерзлоты / М. Н. Железняк, А. А. Куть ; Институт мерзлотоведения им. П. И. Мельникова // Наука и техника в Якутии. - 2023. - N 1 (44). - С. 49-53. - DOI: 10.24412/1728-516X-2023-1-49-53
DOI: 10.24412/1728-516X-2023-1-49-53