Количество страниц: 6 с.
The article examines the influence of the Elga Coal Complex (ECC) on the hydrochemical state of surface waters. Open-pit mining of the Elga coal deposit takes place on the watershed of the Mulam and Algoma rivers, which are part of the hydrographic network of the Uchur river. During field work in 2012-2019, water samples for analysis were taken in two areas: on the right tributaries of the Algoma river and Bolshoye Toko Lake. Based on the analysis of selected samples, a new hydrochemical composition of water bodies was identified based on generally accepted methods in the Russian Federation. All samples had exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations for water bodies of fishery importance (MPCf), except for Lake Bolshoye Toko. The identified changes are presumably seasonal. In winter the flow on the tributaries of the Algoma and Mulam completely stops or decreases to vanishingly small values. To identify patterns in the formation of the qualitative state of water bodies in the zone affected by open-pit coal mining in permafrost conditions, further systematic observations are required until the planned production of high-quality coal oriented for export is achieved. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation No. FWRS-2021-0014.
Изменение гидрохимического состояния поверхностных вод в зоне воздействия Эльгинского угольного комплекса (2012-2019 гг.) / Ноговицын Д. Д., Никулин К. В., Сергеева Л. П. [и др.] ; Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В. П. Ларионова // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 168-173. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38159
DOI: 10.17513/use.38159
Количество страниц: 8 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры).
This work is carried out in the laboratory of the Laboratory of mineral processing Institute of Mining of the North and is a continuation of research conducted on a steep-slope concentrator protected by a patent of the Russian Federation. Earlier, on the basis of experimental work carried out on a steeply inclined concentrator, unsatisfactory extraction of the useful component, clogging of the concentrate in the storage chambers, uneven dynamic processes over the entire area of the working surface of the concentrator were revealed. In order to further improve the concentrator, a shut-off valve was installed at the nozzle for water supply throughout the entire volume of the concentrator. Experimental studies have been carried out to improve the efficiency of mineral separation, where special attention is paid to the stability of the dynamic processes occurring throughout the working chamber of the concentrator, the exclusion of the formation of stagnant zones due to flow control and improving the quality of the concentrate as a whole. Thanks to the adjustment of the operating modes of the concentrator by the shut-off valve, it is generally possible to get rid of these negative phenomena and significantly increase the area of the effective working area. The most rational results are determined when the deck of the concentrator 700 is tilted, where the extraction of heavy fraction (magnetite) reaches 91.16 % at a speed of 0.35 l/s. The use of a shut-off valve makes it possible to regulate the flow of water inside the concentrator, at which conditions for effective separation of mineral particles are found. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (topic No. 0297-2021-0022 of the unified state information system for recording research, development and technological work for civil purposes No. 122011800089-2) using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of the Federal research center "Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", grant No. 13. Center for collective use 21.0016.
Лебедев, И. Ф. Экспериментальные работы для определения параметров лабораторной модели крутонаклонного концентратора / Матвеев А. И., Еремеева Н. Г., Нечаев П. Б. ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 160-167. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38158
DOI: 10.17513/use.38158
Количество страниц: 5 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры).
The article presents the results of many years of research in the field of air (dry) method of separation (enrichment) of minerals. The results of a manufactured pneumatic separator of the POS-2000 type, which passed pilot tests in a number of gold ore deposits in Yakutia and the Amur region, are presented. The work presents developments to improve the design and production parameters of the installation, where reduction of weight and size parameters is relevant and in demand at this time, especially for mobile mobile versions of enrichment plants. The article shows laboratory experimental work aimed at a detailed study of the dynamics of the behavior of multiphase media in complex chambers, both in simplified laminar and turbulent cases. For a more detailed study of the influence of different air flow on the process of separating various minerals by density and size, an experimental laboratory installation with three toroidal zones was assembled, consisting of a flexible transparent plastic reinforced pipe, bent in the form of a screw (screw helicoid). The maximum angles of rise of particles along the internal boundary of the laboratory stand, the speed of soaring of particles depending on density and size, the maximum angles of hovering and soaring at different air speeds are considered. Studies have been carried out on the distribution of particles in the radial section in different sections of the pipe (S1-S3), in which angular differences in distribution were obtained due to different levels of the ratio of centrifugal and gravitational forces, at tested speeds and turning radii. Further research aimed at the possibility of modifying the existing pneumatic separator to reduce weight and size and the development of a new type of centrifugal pneumatic separator are shown. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (topic No. 0297-2021-0022 of the unified state information system for recording research, development and technological work for civil purposes No. 122011800089-2) using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of the Federal research center "Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", grant No. 13. Center for collective use 21.0016.
Лебедев, И. Ф. Теоретические и прикладные основы создания центробежных пневмосепараторов для обогащения драгоценных металлов по плотности и крупности / Лебедев И. Ф. ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 155-159. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38157
DOI: 10.17513/use.38157
Количество страниц: 8 с.
- Математика. Естественные науки > Физика,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Строительство подземных сооружений. Земляные работы,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Физика,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Строительство подземных сооружений. Земляные работы.
One of the effective ways to protect underground mines in mines of the North, operating in alternating or positive thermal conditions, from thawing is the use of heat-protective sprayed concrete coatings with light filler. The article presents the results of research based on the developed methodology and software package for predicting the dynamics and features of the formation of the thermal regime in the mine workings of a gold placer mine in the permafrost zone secured with metal and combined heat-protective shotcrete support. Forecast calculations of the parameters of the thermal regime of workings presented in graphical form were carried out. It was concluded that heat-protective support up to ten centimeters thick does not protect mine workings from thawing and to prevent this it is necessary to use more advanced supports and regulate the thermal regime in the mine in the summer. If the mine is mothballed for the summer, the use of heat-protective shotcrete will allow the mine mothballing period to be shifted to the beginning of June, thereby extending the mining season. It is emphasized that the thermal regime is the main factor determining the operating conditions of a mining enterprise - year-round or with conservation for the summer period, which are determined by technical and economic calculations. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (topic No. 0297-2021-0021 of the unified state information system for recording research, development and technological work for civil purposes No. 122011800083-0) using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of the Federal research center "Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", grant No. 13. Center for collective use 21.0016.
Прогноз теплового режима горных выработок глубокой золотороссыпной шахты криолитозоны, закрепленных металлической и комбинированной теплозащитной набрызгбетонной крепью / Курилко А. С., Соловьёв Д. Е., Киселев В. В. [и др.] ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 147-154. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38156
DOI: 10.17513/use.38156
Издательство: Книжное издательство
Год выпуска: 1976
Количество страниц: 140 с.
Влияние усталости на хладостойкость сварных соединений / В. П. Ларионов, Р. С. Григорьев, И. М. Стебаков ; Академия наук СССР, Сибирское отделение, Якутский филиал, Институт физико-технических проблем Севера. - Якутск : Книжное издательство, 1976. - 136 с.
Ответственность: художник И. С. Клейнард
Издательство: Советская Россия
Год выпуска: 1984
Серия, номер выпуска: Наука - народу
Количество страниц: 100 с.
Мельников, Павел Иванович.
Обживая мерзлоту / П. И. Мельников, Т. Е. Ильмина ; художник И. С. Клейнард. - Москва : Советская Россия, 1984. - 93, [2] с.
Количество страниц: 10 с.
The article is devoted to the problem of functional zoning of territories of traditional nature use. In this paper, on the example of two territories of traditional nature use "Bellet" and "Anamy", located in the Aldan district of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), the allocation of functional zones within them is proposed. Zones of specially protected natural territories in Yakutia are taken as the basis of zoning. The comparison of zones of specially protected natural territories and territories of traditional nature use is carried out. The authors proposed zoning based on the consideration of land users in the territories of traditional nature use and existing restrictions. It is proposed to distinguish the following zones within the territories of traditional nature use “Bellet” and “Anamy”: 1 - forbidden to visit (a special protection zone to preserve the resource potential - zones of absolute rest of protected areas, fish spawning sites, reindeer calving, etc.); 2 - strictly regulated visits (zones of territories of traditional nature use in protected areas, hunting grounds, power lines, technological roads, oil pipelines, etc.); 3 - free visit zone (places of residence of the Indigenous peoples of the North, locations of objects of historical and cultural heritage). The proposed zoning model of the territories of traditional nature use, carried out using a comprehensive assessment of the territory, will allow to streamline the existing situation with the overlap of several land users’ plots. The proposed zoning of the territories of traditional nature use is a reasonable concrete proposal for the functional zoning of the territories of traditional nature use with recommendations for its implementation. The results of the research can be taken into account when making changes to the relevant regulatory documents regarding the implementation of the state policy for the protection and preservation of the vital activity of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 21-17-00250 ҺInterregional and intraregional communications of the indigenous peoples of the North in the context of global challenges: history and modernityһ.
Филиппова, В. В. Выделение функциональных зон на территориях традиционного природопользования "Беллёт" и "Анамы" / Филиппова В. В., Попова Д. Д. ; Институт гуманитарных исследований и проблем малочисленных народов Севера, Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 105-114. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38151
DOI: 10.17513/use.38151
Количество страниц: 6 с.
- Краеведение. Археология. География. Биографии. История > Общие вопросы. География как наука. Географические исследования,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Природа. Охрана окружающей среды,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Природа. Охрана окружающей среды,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > КРАЕВЕДЕНИЕ. ГЕОГРАФИЯ. БИОГРАФИИ. ИСТОРИЯ > Общие вопросы. География как наука. Географические исследования.
The article considers an ecological and geographical assessment of the stability of landscapes of specially protected natural areas on the example of the Kuoluma-Chappanda resource reserve of the Tattinsky ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). For the first time in the reserve business, a methodology was proposed for assessing landscape criteria according to a point system - according to geographic accessibility in kilometers of protected areas, according to the duration of the frost-free period - the main factor in landscape productivity, according to the forest cover of protected areas - the main factor in the reproduction of wild animals, according to the area of protected areas in square kilometers. Further, according to the table, points of protected areas are set and, according to their results, they are classified into the following classes of sustainability of landscapes of protected areas: class 1 - ecologically highly stable landscapes of protected areas; Class 2 - ecologically sustainable landscapes of protected areas; 3rd class - ecologically medium-stable landscapes of protected areas; Class 4 - ecologically unstable landscapes of protected areas; Class 5 - ecologically prone landscapes of protected areas. The resource reserve is located in the Aldan-Amga interfluve. The climate is sharply continental with severe winters and warm summers. The taiga vegetation is represented mainly by lichen-lingonberry-ledum larch forest. The growing season is short. According to the results of the assessment of the sustainability of landscapes of protected areas, the Kuoluma-Chappanda resource reserve has the following data. The total score of the resource reserve is 14 points and belongs to the ecologically moderately stable landscapes of protected areas. According to the assessment, the reserve is of medium size and is located quite close to settlements, which can be used in the development of tourism. In terms of forest cover, the reserve belongs to continuous forest areas. In terms of the duration of the frost-free period, the territory of the reserve is less than average, as well as throughout the entire part of Central Yakutia. In terms of geographic accessibility, it belongs to medium accessibility.
Николаев, А. А. Эколого-географическая оценка устойчивости ландшафтов особо охраняемых природных территорий на примере ресурсного резервата "Куолума-Чаппанда" / Николаев А. А. ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 11. - С. 89-94. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38148
DOI: 10.17513/use.38148
Количество страниц: 6 с.
Николаева, Н. А. Оценка устойчивости ландшафтов угольных месторождений Южно-Якутского угольного бассейна Республики Саха (Якутии) / Николаева Н. А. ; Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В. П. Ларионова // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 10. - С. 88-93. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38118
DOI: 10.17513/use.38118
Количество страниц: 6 с.
The physical properties of air and water as carriers of thermal energy, used or taken into account in the development of devices and technologies for the use of natural thermal resources, are briefly stated. The developed cooling and heating devices and technologies that use the thermal energy of air and water are presented. It is shown how the change in the design achieved an increase in the reliability of the air thermosiphon used for local cooling of the soils of the foundations of structures. The technology of accumulating cold atmospheric air in an array of frozen soils containing underground structures, which has been successfully used for more than 10 years to control the temperature regime of the Federal Cryostorage of Plant Seeds in Yakutsk, in which only natural cold resources are used for the first time in the world, is given. The technology for creating an underground accumulator of cold atmospheric air by freezing water and using the heat of its phase transition to cool liquids and gases, as well as the results of experimental tests, are described. The efficiency of using the heat of the phase transition of water for heating some types of industrial premises is shown. A method for reducing the buoyant effect of frost heaving of soils on pile foundations by heating freezing heaving soils with the heat of the phase transition of water is described.
Кузьмин, Г. П. Устройства и технологии использования природных криогенных ресурсов / Кузьмин Г. П. ; Институт мерзлотоведения им. П. И. Мельникова // Успехи современного естествознания. - 2023. - N 9. - С. 71-76. - DOI: 10.17513/use.38105
DOI: 10.17513/use.38105