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Количество страниц: 8 с.
The positive trends in climate change that have become apparent in recent decades are accompanied by a shift in the range boundaries of many boreal plant species further north, to the shores of the Arctic Ocean. Monitoring the displacement of these boundaries, the introduction of plants unusual to the Arctic, as well as monitoring their adaptation to new conditions, is an important component of botanical research. In 2016, in the village Tiksi identified 2 species of woody plants - Betula pubescens and Salix udensis, known from the forest zone and not previously observed in this area. Obviously, both species appeared here due to the unintentional introduction of seeds by humans. Repeated observations of the condition of these species, conducted in 2023, showed that they exhibit stable vitality, withstood 7 winter periods and gave some increase in phytomass. Measurements of the area of the leaf blade of Betula pubescens and the size of 10 leaves of Salix udensis showed that these indicators are within the normal biological parameters of these species. Both species do not form generative structures yet. Salix udensis has grown significantly during the observation period, reaching a height of about 2.5 m. Perhaps this is the result of the protective influence of the building behind which it develops. Betula pubescens grows more slowly, hardly retains orthotropic shoots exceeding the average snow cover levels, which reach a height of 54 cm, but at the same time partially drained and deprived of foliage. Nevertheless, the lower part of the plant has fully leafy branches. Both species are valuable objects for further observations of their adaptation to Arctic conditions. Since Betula pubescens grows near the slope of the highway, it is recommended to move it to a safe place less susceptible to anthropogenic influence. Tiksi village, located in high latitudes, could serve as a good reference base for a wide range of scientific observations of plant adaptation to Arctic conditions. The optimal solution for this would be the creation of the Arctic Botanical Garden in Tiksi.
Николин, Е. Г. Адаптация двух видов древесных растений - Betula pubescens и Salix udensisк условиям высокоширотной Арктики (пос. Тикси, Россия) / Е. Г. Николин, И. А. Адриан ; Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны, Государственный природный заповедник "Усть-Ленский" // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - Т. 21, N 2 (96). - С. 21-28. - DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-21-28
DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-21-28
Количество страниц: 4 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Общеобразовательная школа. Дошкольные учреждения,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Математика,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Общеобразовательная школа. Дошкольные учреждения,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Математика.
In the article, the authors focus special attention on the creation of creative technological maps to increase the motivation of students in grades 5–9 when learning mathematics.
Тимофеева, Р. А. Математика + творчество = мотивация / Р. А. Тимофеева, Т. Т. Тимофеев ; МБОУ "Соловьевская средняя общеобразовательная школа имени П. М. Васильева" // Народное образование Якутии. - 2024. - N 1 (130). - С. 22-25.
Количество страниц: 2 с.
- Общественные науки. Образование > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Общеобразовательная школа. Дошкольные учреждения,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Математика,
- Краеведение. Археология. География. Биографии. История > Краеведение,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Народное образование. Воспитание. Обучение. Организация досуга > Общеобразовательная школа. Дошкольные учреждения,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Математика,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > КРАЕВЕДЕНИЕ. ГЕОГРАФИЯ. БИОГРАФИИ. ИСТОРИЯ > Краеведение.
The article presents experience in using local history materials at Maths lessons and extracurricular activities. The author believes that students learn the material more easily when solving problems based on the realities of their environment. According to the author, by solving problems containing historical and local history information, the formation of civic qualities of an individual occurs.
Иванова, А. И. Использование краеведческих материалов в обучении математике / А. И. Иванова ; МБОУ "Средняя общеобразовательная школа N 3" // Народное образование Якутии. - 2024. - N 1 (130). - С. 14-15.
Количество страниц: 7 с.
- Математика. Естественные науки > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки,
- Математика. Естественные науки > Природа. Охрана окружающей среды,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Геология. Геологические и геофизические науки,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Природа. Охрана окружающей среды.
Currently, the scienti c community faces the task of identifying and minimizing the negative impact on the natural environment and related environmental risks caused by the impact on ecosystems, especially anthropogenic factors related environmental risks. The determining role in the assessment of environmental risk is to determine the probability of occurrence of effects of different nature in ecosystems because of anthropogenic factors and to take measures to prevent their negative impact. The purpose of the presented theoretical study was to study and analyze the principle of system-wide methodology of quantitative assessment of biogeocenosis quality within the boundaries of anthropogenic in uence on the sustainability of industrially developed territory. The considered principle can provide prerequisites for making changes in the norms of nature management in Russia.
Оценки качества биогеоценоза в границах антропогенного влияния на устойчивость промышленно осваиваемой территории / И. В. Ядрихинский, Д. Н. Попова, В. А. Карамзин [и др.] ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2024. - N 2 (34). - C. 68-74. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-68-74
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-68-74
Количество страниц: 6 с.
- Математика. Естественные науки > Природа. Охрана окружающей среды,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > МАТЕМАТИКА. ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ > Природа. Охрана окружающей среды.
Within early warning and technological hazards, the need to notify, and to identify, assess and provide the necessary information about the sources of potential hazards is of particular importance. Since there may be causal links between natural and technological disasters, there are increasing concerns that the available knowledge base does not allow for timely warning or relief measures for many hazards. Any early warning system aims to reduce risk as a measure of potential environmental and economic damage. Such reduction, as a rule, is achieved by continuous study of information on the state of functioning of the natural-technical system. Hence the task of systematic collection, accumulation, processing and analysis of information arises. The system of continuous observation, control and analysis of the environmental situation for subsequent diagnosis and forecasting of the state of natural objects is realized within the framework of monitoring, which is performed at three levels - global (planetary), regional and local. The Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is the largest region of the Russian Federation with a highly concentrated natural-resource potential, providing full-scale projects of national economic development of interregional and federal signi cance. Yakutia, the area of which is 20 % of Russia’s territory, is a giant natural enclave in geotechnical terms, the administrative boundaries of which cross many geographically heterogeneous ecosystems of seven neighboring territories (administratively independent subjects of ownership). The article considers and reveals the main directions of the early warning system to prevent socio-natural risk as applied to Yakutia, taking into account its natural-territorial uniqueness.
Карамзин, В. А. Снижение экологического риска промышленно-осваиваемой территории через систему раннего предупреждения (на примере северных и арктических территорий Российской Федерации) / В. А. Карамзин, И. В. Ядрихинский, Л. А. Пестрякова ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2024. - N 2 (34). - C. 54-59. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-54-59
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-54-59
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Extratropical cyclones over the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) bring rains and reduce the probability of forest res, but can cause fast rain ood events caused by heavy precipitation. In this study, recurrence of cyclonic events over the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) in summer months between 1950 and 2022 is considered. Recurrence of cyclonic events was de ned as the count of cyclone centers over Yakutia or subregions at a standard time of observations. Extratropical cyclone centers database from University of Manitoba (Canada) based on ERA5 reanalysis was used in this study. Cyclonic weather over the territory of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) persists for 27.5 days on average. The largest count of cyclonic events is noted in the North-Eastern and North-Western sub-regions, while the smallest is in the Southern and Central sub-regions. Across summer months, cyclones are most active in June in all regions except for the Southern sub-region. Here, increased July cyclonic activity is determined by conditions favorable for atmospheric blocking, limited zonal transport promoting the northward intrusion of southern cyclones. There is no pronounced trend in the frequency of occurrence of cyclones except for some regions and months: Western Area, June, increasing; the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), August, decreasing. An absolute minimum in the number of cyclonic events was established for 2019-2021, which, as we believe, was one of the main reasons for the maximum of forest re activity in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) observed in these years, along with the Lena River extremely low ows of 2019. An analysis of the circulation conditions leading to such extremes will make it possible to assess the risk of recurrence of similar situations under the future climate.
Игнатьева, Ю. И. Повторяемость циклонов над территорией Республики Саха (Якутия) в летние месяцы / Ю. И. Игнатьева, Н. И. Тананаев ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Камчатский государственный университет им. Витуса Беринга // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - N 2 (34). - C. 46-53. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-46-53
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-46-53
Количество страниц: 12 с.
The article provides an analytical review of the results of direct geochemical studies of the Vilyui syneclise, one of the promising areas for oil and gas in the east of the Siberian Platform. The work objective is to demonstrate the high ef ciency of direct geochemical sampling for the search for oil and gas deposits in the conditions of a terrigenous section of the studied territory. It is shown that pro le contrast anomalies were identi ed above productive structures. At the same time, a general increase of light hydrocarbon (LH) components from the anks to its center and the con nedness of the most noticeable microconcentrations of heavy hydrocarbons (HH) to the periclinal sections of productive structures have been established. This phenomenon, apparently, indicates the predominant effect of ltration migration through various weakened zones from the source of hydrocarbons (deposits). The results of our own reconnaissance work carried out in 2016 on the southern pericline of the Middle-Vilyui gas condensate deposit are presented. The veri cation work was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the equipment and research methods. Relatively high values of benzene and toluene were recorded above the zones of occurrence of deposits T1-IIа and T1-III. It is assumed that the maximum values of B/T can be con ned to the zones of oil accumulations. Based on the conducted geochemical samplings and historical experience, it is concluded that in combination with other geological and geophysical methods, direct geochemical studies will increase the reliability of forecasting the prospects of oil and gas potential of poorly studied territories. A recommendation has been made for the use of geochemical samplings in adjacent territories with a similar geological section.
Сивцев, А. И. Прямые геохимические исследования в Вилюйской синеклизе / А. И. Сивцев, А. И. Калинин ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Институт проблем нефти и газа // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2024. - N 2 (34). - C. 13-24. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-13-24
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-13-24
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Bstract.The article presents the results of medium-scale geological mapping of the Momo-Selennyakh depression. New data on the deep structure, ore and oil-and-gas bearing capacity of the depression were established. Reliable and presumptive signs of oil and gas content were revealed. The geologic structure of the depression, including its location in the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane bordering the Verkhoyansk fold system, was discussed. The Momo-Selennyakh depression is located within the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane, which borders the Verkhoyansk fold system. The depression was formed as a result of crustal stretching in the Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene. It is composed of sand and gravel deposits of Miocene and Pliocene age overlain by Pleistocene glacial formations. The Selennyakh and Syuryuktyakh depressions are part of the Momo-Selennyakh depression, which is located within the Kolyma-Omolon superterrane. The Selennyakh depression has a gentle shape and is composed of Upper Jurassic sedimentary-volcanogenic formations. The basement of the depression is disrupted by faults along which the blocks moved.The Syuryuktyakh depression has a more complex structure and is composed of loose sediments of Paleogene-Neogene and Quaternary age. The basement of the depression is composed of Upper Silurian and Devonian carbonate sediments and Upper Jurassic sedimentary-volcanogenic formations. The depression was formed in the zone of the large Ulakhan fault. The results of hydrogeochemical sampling indicate the presence of hidden mineralized crushing zones associated with the Ulakhan fault. These zones have elevated contents of cadmium, boron, copper, zinc, lead, molybdenum and other metals. The presence of bituminous shales, increased content of naphthenic acids, iodine, bromine and uorine in waters, as well as the presence of oily patches and griffons with gas emission indicate possible oil-bearing capacity of the area.
Пуляев, Н. А. Глубинное строение и перспективы рудо- и нефтегазоносности северо-западной части Момо-Селенняхской впадины / Н. А. Пуляев, О. Г. Третьякова, Н. М. Третьякова ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Российский государственный аграрный университет Московская сельскохозяйственная академия им. К. А. Тимирязева // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2024. - N 2 (34). - C. 5-12. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-5-12
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2024-2-5-12
Количество страниц: 6 с.
The paper considers the problem of the noise impact of the CHP operation on adjacent settlements and on humans. At power generating facilities, the process of steam discharge from boilers is a powerful source of noise. This process occurs in emergency situations in order to reduce pressure and during kindling. When discharged from boilers through the GPC, an under expanded and non-isothermal steam flow with high speed, pressure and temperature emits a noise equivalent in characteristics to the sound of a jet engine. To perform the calculations, a request was made for data on steam parameters in front of the GPC from the Vyborgskaya CHP - 17 station, part of the TGC-1 power generating company in St. Petersburg. The calculation of the maximum value of the sound pressure of steam discharge from boilers was carried out. Sound pressure levels have been determined at various octave levels with average geometric frequencies in the range from 31.5 to 8000 Hz. A graph of the dependence of the sound pressure level on the octave level is constructed. It was revealed that the noise of steam discharge has a high-frequency character, the extreme value occurs at a frequency of 1000 Hz and is equal to 161.3 dB for boilers No. 4, 5, 6 and 158.7 dB for boilers No. 1, 2, 3. For comparison, the sound pressure level of the noise of an aircraft jet engine is approximately 160 db. To reduce the harmful effects of noise on humans and adjacent populated areas near the station, it is recommended to install special extinguishing agents - silencers.
Реев, В. Г. Расчет максимального звукового давления выброса пара из котлоагрегата ТЭЦ / В. Г. Реев, У. Д. С. Гунасекара ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - Т. 21, N 2 (96). - С. 71-76. - DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-71-76
DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-71-76
Количество страниц: 12 с.
Periodic 24-hour variations in the intensity of galactic cosmic rays, continuously observed by ground-based detectors, are called solar diurnal variations. The nature of these variations lies in the existence in the interplanetary medium of an anisotropic spatial distribution of galactic cosmic rays, which arises during the interaction of these particles with the heliosphere. It is believed that the physical factors responsible for the observed anisotropy of galactic cosmic rays are the processes of convection, diffusion and their drift. The combination of these factors determines the main parameters of solar diurnal variations, such as amplitude, phase and energy spectrum. To study the energy spectrum of solar-diurnal variations, we used measurement data from muon telescopes of the Yakutsk Cosmic Ray Spectrograph after A.I. Kuzmin and Nagoya stations (Japan). The research approach is based on the idea of the crossed telescope method, originally designed to take into account the temperature effect. Due to the difference in the receiving characteristics of the crossed northern and southern directions of the above muon telescopes, the intensity variations recorded by them are sensitive to changes in the energy spectrum of solar-diurnal variations. This property was used to assess the dynamics of the energy spectrum of solar-diurnal variations for 22-25 cycles of solar activity. Analysis of the data obtained showed that in the last minimum of solar activity in 2018-2021. An anomalously early phase of solar-diurnal variations was observed. To study this phenomenon, we simulated the ratio and phase difference of a pair of northern and southern crossed directions for both muon telescopes for different types and values of the energy spectrum of solar-diurnal variations. A comparison of model calculations and observational data has made it possible to establish that during periods of minimum solar activity in the positive polarity of the general magnetic field of the Sun, a significant softening of the energy spectrum of solar-diurnal variations is observed. The reasons for the discovered phenomenon are discussed.
Динамика энергетического спектра солнечно-суточных вариаций интенсивности космических лучей в 22–25 циклах солнечной активности / П. Ю. Гололобов, С. К. Герасимова, В. Г. Григорьев [и др.] ; Институт космофизических исследований и аэрономии им. Ю. Г. Шафера // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. - 2024. - Т. 21, N 2 (96). - С. 46-57. - DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-46-57
DOI: 10.25587/2222-5404-2024-21-2-46-57